Shoulder pain and stiffness can significantly impact daily activities, making it difficult to perform routine tasks such as reaching overhead, lifting objects, or even getting dressed. If you’re experiencing persistent shoulder discomfort, you may be wondering if arthritis could be the cause.
What is Shoulder Arthritis?
Arthritis is a condition that causes inflammation of the joints, leading to pain, swelling, and decreased mobility. The shoulder joint is composed of two main articulations: the glenohumeral joint (where the upper arm bone meets the shoulder blade) and the acromioclavicular (AC) joint (where the collarbone meets the shoulder blade). Arthritis can affect either of these joints, with the most common types being:
- Osteoarthritis: A degenerative condition caused by cartilage wear and tear over time.
- Rheumatoid arthritis: An autoimmune disorder that leads to joint inflammation and damage.
- Post-traumatic arthritis: Develops after an injury to the shoulder.
- Avascular necrosis: Occurs when blood supply to the bone is disrupted, leading to joint deterioration.
Signs and Symptoms of Shoulder Arthritis
Recognizing the symptoms of shoulder arthritis early can help in managing the condition effectively. Common signs include:
- Persistent pain: A dull or aching pain in the shoulder that worsens with activity and improves with rest.
- Stiffness: Limited range of motion, especially when lifting the arm or reaching behind the back.
- Grinding or clicking sensations: Also known as crepitus, these sounds can occur when moving the joint.
- Swelling and tenderness: The joint may appear swollen or feel tender to the touch.
- Weakness: Difficulty in carrying objects or performing daily activities due to reduced strength.
How is Shoulder Arthritis Diagnosed?
If you suspect you have shoulder arthritis, a physician can perform a thorough evaluation, including:
- Medical history and physical exam: Assessing symptoms, range of motion, and joint tenderness.
- Imaging tests: X-rays can reveal joint space narrowing, bone spurs, and cartilage loss. In some cases, MRI or CT scans may be needed.
- Lab tests: Blood tests may be used to check for rheumatoid arthritis or other inflammatory conditions.
Treatment Options for Shoulder Arthritis
Treatment for shoulder arthritis focuses on pain relief and improving joint function. Options include:
- Non-surgical treatments:
- Physical therapy to improve flexibility and strength.
- Anti-inflammatory medications such as NSAIDs.
- Corticosteroid injections for temporary pain relief.
- Activity modifications to reduce strain on the joint.
- Surgical options:
- Arthroscopy to remove loose cartilage or bone spurs.
- Shoulder replacement surgery for severe cases.
When to See a Doctor
If your shoulder pain is persistent, limiting your daily activities, or worsening over time, it’s important to consult a physician. Early intervention can help manage symptoms and prevent further joint damage.